Primitive types

1. number
2. string
3. boolean

Complex types

1. Objects
2. Arrays

Classes

In JavaScript, classes are a way to define blueprints for creating objects (these objects are different from the objects defined in the last section).

For example

class Rectangle {
   constructor(width, height, color) {
	    this.width = width;
	    this.height = height;
	    this.color = color; 
   }
   
   area() {
	   const area = this.width * this.height;
		 return area;
   }
   
   paint() {
			console.log(`Painting with color ${this.color}`);
   }
   
}

const rect = new Rectangle(2, 4)
const area = rect.area();
console.log(area)

Key Concepts

1. Class Declaration:
   • You declare a class using the class keyword.
   • Inside a class, you define properties (variables) and methods (functions) that will belong to the objects created from this class.
2. Constructor:
   • A special method inside the class that is called when you create an instance (an object) of the class.
   • It’s used to initialize the properties of the object.
3. Methods:
   • Functions that are defined inside the class and can be used by all instances of the class.
4. Inheritance:
   • Classes can inherit properties and methods from other classes, allowing you to create a new class based on an existing one.
5. Static Methods:
   • Methods that belong to the class itself, not to instances of the class. You call them directly on the class.
6. Getters and Setters:
   • Special methods that allow you to define how properties are accessed and modified.